Left Ventricle The human heart has four chambers. Two lower chambers are called ventricles. The left ventricle is connected to the left atrium, on the left side of the heart. It receives blood from the left atrium and pumps it to the aorta. The main function of this ventricle is to pump the oxygenated blood […]

Pulmonary Artery The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs. It is one of the only arteries that carry deoxygenated blood. It is relatively short and wide in size and shape. It begins from the bottom of the right ventricle of the heart. And then separates into the right and left

Superior Vena Cava Superior vena cava is also referred as precava. It is a large vein, but short in length, located above the heart. The venae cavae are the largest veins in the body. They carry deoxygenated blood to the right atrium of the heart. There is no valve between the superior vena cava and

Jugular vein is a set of four large veins that send back deoxygenated blood from the head and neck to the heart. There are two types of jugular veins: external and internal jugulars. These are located on each side of the neck. The internal jugular lies deep in the neck. It contains blood which has

There are two carotid arteries, located at the front part of the neck. The carotid arteries are the major arteries of the human body. These arteries supply oxygenated blood to the front part of the brain. There are two carotid arteries: one lies on the right side and other lies on the left side of

Capillaries are the thinnest blood vessels, composed of ultra thin layer of tissues. Capillaries are the important link between arteries and veins, as they transfer blood from arteries to veins. The wall of the capillary permits an exchange of food material, gases and waste between the blood and the cells. Capillaries connect to arterioles on

Artery:Arteries are the blood vessels that transfer oxygenated blood from the heart to all the parts of the body, except pulmonary artery, which carries deoxygenated blood. Arteries have thick elastic walls to bear the high pressure of blood, as the heart pumps blood into the arteries. Arteries divide into smaller vessels called arterioles, which link

There is a network of tubes in the human body to circulate blood. This network of tubes is called blood vessels. Blood vessels are thin tubes that are attached to the heart. They are the roads on which the blood as a vehicle flows. The three major types of vessels are arteries, veins and capillaries.

The heart is a hollow, cone-shaped, muscular organ. It is a biological pump. Its size is not more than a human’s clenched fist and is made up of specialised cardiac muscles. The heart lies at the centre of the chest cavity, between the lungs and behind the sternum. It is slightly tilted towards the left.

Plasma is a straw-coloured fluid. It is composed of 90% of water and less than 10% of various substances in solution which consists of plasma proteins, organic substances and inorganic salts. Plasma acts as the medium for the transmission of nutrients, salts, fats, glucose and amino acids to the tissues. It also acts as the

The red blood cells (RBCs) are also called erythrocytes, which are spherical in shape with a depression in the middle to impart maximum surface area to the cells. The greater the surface area the more they are able to capture oxygen. RBCs get their red colour from oxygenated iron-rich protein haemoglobin. Hence the arteries are

Blood is a fluid tissue composed of two parts: liquid and solid. Plasma is the liquid part, and blood cells like red blood cells and white blood cells are the solid part of the blood. Blood cells float in plasma. Plasma is a straw-coloured liquid. Blood cells are made in the bone marrow. Blood carries

The circulatory system is human body’s transport system. The system consists of the heart, blood vessels and lymphatics. The circulatory system is responsible for: (a)  Transport of nutrients and oxygen to the cells; (b)  Transport of carbon dioxide and other waste products of cellular respiration; and (c)   Circulation of hormones and chemical components and maintenance

Muscles of Leg: There are different types of muscles in the leg. They are: quadriceps femoris, iliopsoas and sartorius in the front and the hamstrings and gluteus maximus at the back. These muscles at the front help bend the thigh, extending the leg at the knee, while those in the back help extend the thigh