Soil is the upper layer of earth. It is one of the three major natural resources besides air and water. It is formed by weathering of rocks into very small and minute fragments. It can be of different colours such as yellow, red, black or dark brown. It is composed of a mixture of organic

Pollination is the process of the transfer of pollens from stamens to pistils. Stamens and pistils are parts of flowers that help produce new seeds. In a flower, stamen is the part that produces pollen. The pollen is usually yellow in colour and is released as fine dust. It is then transferred to pistil and

Weeds are unwanted plants grown in lawns and gardens. They are not sown intentionally by farmers. Weeds are harmful to other plants. They reduce crop yield by competing for water, light, soil nutrients and space. Some of them are poisonous to cattle and horses. They act as carriers of disease-causing organisms for plants. Wild mustards,

Herbs are plants with weak non-woody stems. Most of these plants have strong smell and medicinal uses. Leaves, seeds or flowers of these plants can be used as flavouring agents, food, medicine or in perfumes. Some of the common examples of herbs are parsley, basil, rosemary, thyme and dill. They can be used in fresh

There are many different types of plants but typically they are divided into two major groups that are vascular and non-vascular plants. Vascular are the plants that have specific tissues that help to move food and water through the plant. These plants are further divided into non-flowering plants and flowering plants. Non-vascular are smaller plants

The term botany comes from the ancient Greek word ‘botane’ meaning herb. Botany is the scientific study of plants. It is also called ‘Plant Science’ or ‘Plant Biology’. Botany includes the study of plant structures, their classification, properties, diseases, etc. Plants refer to a wide range of living organisms, i.e. from the smallest bacteria to