Bone Marrow is a thick, spongy kind of jelly inside the bones. Bone Marrow makes red blood cells that carry oxygen, white blood cells that fight infections, and platelets that help blood clot. Bone Marrow is found in the flat bones such as the hip, breast, skull, ribs, vertebrae and shoulder blades. It is also […]
Tears are produced by tear glands which are small glands inside the eyelid. Tears keep the surface of eyeball clean and moist. They help to protect the eye from damage. The eyelids spread the tears over the surface of the eye. Tears flow down a tiny tube at the edge of lower eyelid, next to
Nails are made in folds of the skin near the ends of fingers and toes. They start growing in the nail root. Then, they slide out over the nail bed towards the end of toes and fingers. Near the end of the nail, it separates from the skin underneath it, where the nail colour changes
Hair grows at the hair root, a place beneath the skin where cells band together to form keratin. Keratin is the protein that hair is made of. The root is inside a follicle which is like a small tube in the skin. As the hair grows, it pushes up from the root and out of
Blood contains Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells and Platelets. Red Blood Cells develop in bone marrow. They contain a protein called Haemoglobin which combines with oxygen to give blood–a red colour. Red Blood Cells circulate for around 120 days. They carry oxygen around the body and remove carbon dioxide from the body. The shape
The Liver is the largest organ. It is located behind the ribcage in the right upper part of the abdomen. The Liver cleans the blood, produces a digestive liquid called Bile and stores energy in the form of a sugar called Glycogen. After eating, the nutrients from the food pass from the intestine into the
When we eat, the food first enters the mouth. We chew and swallow the food. Food stays in the mouth for about 10 seconds. Then, it moves down the oesophagus. Food takes 5-6 seconds to move down the oesophagus. Next, it enters the stomach where it stays between 2-4 hours. It then moves down into
The Hyoid Bone is a horseshoe-shaped bone that is located within the neck. This bone lies in between the chin and the thyroid ligament. It is the only bone that is not connected to any other bones. The Hyoid Bone is the one and only bone of the throat. It is connected only by muscles
Taste Buds are sensory organs that are found on the tongue. They pick up different tastes. Taste Buds contain taste receptors. Most of the Taste Buds that sense salty or sweet tastes are near the front of the tongue. The Taste Buds for sour tastes are along the sides of the tongue. The ones for
Humans have two Lungs. They are protected by muscles and the ribcage. Lungs are situated below the trachea (the windpipe) and above the diaphragm. The primary function of the Lungs is to transport oxygen from the air into the blood while taking away carbon dioxide which is released into the air by breathing out. The
The Heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood to the body. It is located a little to the left of the middle of the chest. The Heart is about the size of a clenched fist. The right side of the Heart receives blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs. The left
Cheetahs are mostly found in Africa. They are the fastest land animals in the world. They like dry, open grasslands where they can run to kill prey. Cheetahs are the only big cats that cannot roar. While lions and leopards usually hunt at night, cheetahs hunt for food during the day. A cheetah has wonderful
Great White Sharks are found in waters around Australia, South Africa, California and Mexico. They can grow to more than 8 metres long and weigh well over 2,000 kilograms. When a Great White Shark is born, it swims away from its mother. At birth the baby shark is about 5 feet long. The pup, as
“Why did one frog keep trying and the other left trying, mamma?” asked little Gauri after her mother read her the story of “Two frogs with the same problem”. Two frogs had fallen into a well while passing through the forest. The rest of their mates told them that all their efforts to come out
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The Isabella Tiger Moth is found throughout the Arctic and other cold regions of Canada and the United States in prairies and open areas. They have furry-looking caterpillars which are known as Woolly Bears. The caterpillar of Isabella Tiger Moth eats herbs, grasses and leaves. Each winter it freezes, until at last it can pupate.