Cause: Although struggles for supremacy had been going on for many decades between France and England in the New World, hostilities intensified in the early 1750’s as both English and French settlers had attempted to colonize land in the Ohio River Valley, near present day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The English settlers, who had moved northwest from […]
A galaxy is a massive complex or system of stars, remnants of stars, an interstellar medium of gas and dust, and dark matter. Some include multiple star systems, clusters, and interstellar clouds. Galaxies are bound by gravity and contain from millions to trillions of stars. The size of some galaxies are measured in units called
The colony of Georgia, located directly in between the English colony of South Carolina, and the Spanish colony of Florida, was the subject of frequent military invasions by both sides until the Yamassee War (1715-1716) left the area devoid of people.In 1732, James Oglethorpe received a royal charter for the Province of Georgia. It was
Harriet Tubman was one of the most famous American women in history. She was born on March 10, 1821, in Dorchester County, Maryland, the daughter of slaves on a Maryland plantation. Her original name was Araminta Ross and she was nicknamed “Minty”. From an early age she worked as servant at the plantation house. As
The Iroquois were the dominant tribe in the northeastern United States. The Iroquois Confederacy (the Six Nations) was formed in 1570 when the five tribes (Cayuga, Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga and Seneca) were brought together by Deganawida (a Huron prophet) and Hiawatha (a Mohawk medicine man). The Tuscarora were the last to join in the early
Cecil Calvert, 2nd Lord of Baltimore, founded Maryland in 1632. Cecil’s father, George Calvert, had received a royal charter for the land from King Charles I. The new colony was named after Henrietta Maria, the wife of the king. In November 1633, about 200 Catholic settlers led by Cecil’s younger brother boarded the ships ARK
To understand meteors, one must also understand meteoroids and meteorites. First, a meteoroid is a particle in the solar system. The meteoroid may be as small as a grain of sand, or, as large as a boulder. When the meteor enters the Earth’s atmosphere, and becomes visible as a shooting star, it is called a
The narwhal is a medium-sized whale that lives in the Arctic region year-round. It is characterized by its single, straight tusk, which is actually an elongated canine (tooth) that grows to a length of ten feet. Normally, such tusks are unique to males. Occasionally, a male narwhal will have two tusks. The tusk functions as
The area that first became New Amsterdam, and eventually New York City, was first referred to as Man-A-Hat-Ta, by the local Indians. The name meant “Heavenly land”. It was first visited by the French explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano in 1524. Verrazzano explored much of America’s northeast coast, including the waters around New York City and
North Carolina was first settled in 1587. 121 settlers led by John White landed on present-day Roanoke Island on July 22, 1587. It was the first English settlement in the New World. On August 18, 1587, White’s daughter gave birth to Virginia Dare, the first English child born in the New World. By 1590, however,
The Peregrine Falcon is a large, powerful falcon of seashores, mountain ranges, and the Arctic tundra. Peregrine Falcons hunt medium-to large-sized birds, and are especially fond of ducks, shorebirds, and pigeons. Peregrine Falcons are extremely strong flyers, and often seize their prey at speeds of over 100 miles per hour. Some Peregrine Falcons have even
Description: The Emperor Penguin is the world’s largest and tallest penguin. It is also the heaviest penguin, with some individuals recorded at nearly 100 pounds. The adult has a black head, back, tail, and black wings. The underparts are dingy white. The sides of the neck are marked with a large golden or yellow stripe.
The land that is now Pennsylvania was first claimed by the Swedes under Peter Minuit in 1638. Minuit had agreed to help them establish a colony after having a falling out with Dutch officials. Although the Swedes did colonize the region on the west banks of the Delaware River, known at the time as Nya
Mount Vesuvius is an active volcano located just east of Naples, Italy. It is the only volcano on the continent of Europe to have erupted in the last one hundred years, though other volcanoes have erupted on islands in the Mediterranean Sea. In 1631, approximately three thousand people were killed by an eruption from Mount
Juan Ponce de Leon was born in 1460 in Santeveras, Spain. De Leon was an explorer and fighter from an early age. He helped fight the Muslims in southern Spain in the early 1490’s. He was on board Christopher Columbus’ second expedition to the Americas in 1493. Rather than returning to Spain, the adventurer remained
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