299 Women Who Shaped World History

Anna Comnena

Born: December 2, 1083Died: c. 1153Anna Comnena was a Byzantine princess and historian, daughter of Emperor Alexius I Comnenus, born in Constantinople (present-day Istanbul). In 1118, after her father’s death, she conspired against her brother, Emperor John II Comnenus, in an attempt to have the succession changed in favour of her husband, the Byzantine soldier […]

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Aethelflaed

Died: June 12, 918, Tamworth, England Aethelflaed was an nglo-Saxon ruler of Mercia in England. The daughter of King Alfred the Great, she helped her brother Edward the Elder, king of the West Saxons (reigned 899-924), in conquering the Danish armies occupying eastern England. Aethelflaed became the effective ruler of Mercia some years before the

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Abigail Adams

Born: November 22 [November 11, Old Style], 1744, Weymouth, Massachusetts [U.S.]Died: October 28, 1818, Quincy, Massachusetts, U.S. Abigail Smith Adams was the wife of John Adams, second president of the United States, and mother of John Quincy Adams, the sixth president. She was born in Weymouth, Massachusetts, the daughter of the Reverend William Smith, minister

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Simone Weil

Born: Feb 3, 1909, Paris, FranceDied: Aug 24, 1943, Ashford, Kent, England Simone Weil was a French social philosopher, mystic, and political activist, whose writings influenced French and English social thought. Born in Paris, Weil was a precocious child. In 1928, she entered the prestigious École Normale Supérieure, graduating in 1931. While teaching in secondary

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Joan Robinson

Born: October 31, 1903, Camberley, Surrey, EnglandDied: August 5, 1983, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire Joan Robinson (1903-1983), British economist and writer, credited with making many significant contributions to the field of economics. Born Joan Violet Maurice, in Camberley, Surrey, England, Robinson received a degree in economics from Cambridge University, England, in 1925. In 1926 she married Austin

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Julia Kristeva

Born: June 24, 1941, Sliven, BulgariaJulia Kristeva is a Bulgarian-born French psychoanalyst and literary theorist, who, drawing on Freudian psychoanalysis and structuralist linguistics, has analyzed the relationship between language, society, and the self.In Semeiotiké, she argues that the self is not a stable, autonomous entity, but the product of language. Consequently, those elements that are

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